Prep the salmon: Pat the fillets dry with paper towels.
This helps them sear and caramelize better. Season both sides lightly with salt and pepper.
Mix the marinade: In a small bowl, whisk together lime juice, lime zest, olive oil, honey, chili powder, cumin, red pepper flakes (if using), and garlic. Taste and adjust salt and spice.
Coat the fillets: Place salmon on a plate or in a shallow dish.
Spoon the marinade over the top and sides. Let it sit for 10–15 minutes while you preheat your oven or pan.
Choose your cooking method: Oven-baked: Preheat to 400°F (200°C). Line a baking sheet with parchment.
Arrange salmon skin-side down. Bake 8–12 minutes, depending on thickness, until just opaque and flakes easily.
Broiled: Position rack 6 inches from the heat. Broil 6–8 minutes, watching closely to avoid burning the glaze.
Pan-seared: Heat a nonstick or cast-iron skillet over medium-high with a light oil film.
Place salmon skin-side up first for 2–3 minutes to get color, then flip and cook 3–5 minutes until done.
Grilled: Preheat to medium-high and oil the grates. Grill 3–4 minutes per side, depending on thickness.
Check doneness: The center should be slightly translucent and tender. An instant-read thermometer should read 125–130°F for medium, or 145°F if you prefer fully cooked.
Finish and serve: Spoon any pan juices over the salmon.
Squeeze fresh lime on top and sprinkle with cilantro. Serve with your favorite sides.