Prep the beef: Trim excess fat and cut the chuck roast into 3–4 large pieces. Pat dry and season all over with 1 teaspoon salt and the black pepper.
Optional sear: Heat oil in a skillet over medium-high. Sear the beef on all sides until browned, about 2–3 minutes per side.
This adds depth, but you can skip if you’re short on time.
Make the sauce: In a bowl, combine chopped chipotle peppers, adobo sauce, lime juice, apple cider vinegar, beef broth, garlic, onion, cumin, oregano, smoked paprika, and remaining 1 teaspoon salt. Stir well.
Load the slow cooker: Add the beef to the crockpot. Pour the sauce over the top and tuck in the bay leaves.
Cook low and slow: Cover and cook on LOW for 8–10 hours or on HIGH for 4–6 hours, until the beef is very tender and shreds easily.
Shred and simmer: Remove bay leaves.
Transfer beef to a cutting board and shred with two forks. Return the shredded beef to the slow cooker juices. Let it soak on warm for 15–20 minutes to absorb flavor.
Adjust seasoning: Taste and add more salt, lime juice, or a spoonful of adobo for extra heat.
If the liquid seems thin, remove the lid and simmer on high for 15 minutes; if it’s too bold, stir in a splash of broth.
Assemble bowls: Fill bowls with rice or greens. Top with barbacoa, beans, and your favorite toppings. Finish with fresh cilantro and a squeeze of lime.