Prep the oven. Heat your oven to 400°F (200°C). Line a baking sheet with parchment paper for easy cleanup.
Pat the salmon dry. Dry fish roasts better. Blot the fillets with paper towels and set them skin-side down on the baking sheet.
Season simply. Sprinkle each fillet with salt and pepper.
Don’t overdo it—pesto is already seasoned.
Check your pesto consistency. If it’s very thick, stir in a teaspoon or two of olive oil. You want it spreadable, not runny.
Spread the pesto. Use the back of a spoon to coat the top of each fillet with a generous layer of pesto, about 1 to 1.5 tablespoons each. Cover the surface but avoid the sides to keep the crust intact.
Add the crunch. Mix panko with Parmesan and a pinch of salt. Sprinkle over the pesto and gently press so it adheres.
For extra zing, add a little lemon zest or a pinch of red pepper flakes.
Bake. Roast for 10–14 minutes, depending on thickness. Salmon is done when it flakes easily and reaches 125–130°F (52–54°C) in the center for medium. Thicker center-cut fillets may need a couple extra minutes.
Finish with lemon. Rest the salmon for 2 minutes, then squeeze fresh lemon over the top.
Garnish with basil if you like.
Serve. Pair with roasted potatoes, a simple green salad, or sautéed asparagus. A side of rice or couscous also works well.