Boil the pasta: Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Cook pasta to al dente according to package instructions.
Reserve 1/2 cup of pasta water, then drain.
Season the salmon: Pat salmon dry. Sprinkle with 1–1.5 tbsp Cajun seasoning, a pinch of salt, and black pepper. If using smoked paprika, add a light dusting for extra flavor.
Sear the salmon: Heat olive oil in a large skillet over medium-high.
Add salmon and cook 3–4 minutes per side, depending on thickness, until just cooked through and flaky. Transfer to a plate and tent with foil.
Sauté the aromatics: Reduce heat to medium. Add butter to the skillet.
Stir in onion and red bell pepper. Cook 3–4 minutes until softened. Add garlic and cook 30 seconds until fragrant.
Deglaze the pan: Pour in white wine or broth, scraping up browned bits.
Let it simmer for 1–2 minutes to reduce slightly.
Build the sauce: Stir in heavy cream, remaining Cajun seasoning (start with 1 tbsp), and red pepper flakes if you like it spicier. Simmer gently 2–3 minutes until slightly thickened.
Add the cheese and lemon: Lower heat and whisk in Parmesan until smooth. Add lemon zest and a squeeze of lemon juice.
Taste and adjust salt, pepper, and seasoning.
Combine with pasta: Toss the drained pasta into the sauce. If it’s too thick, loosen with a splash of reserved pasta water until glossy and well-coated.
Flake the salmon: Gently break the salmon into large chunks. Fold into the pasta just until distributed.
Avoid over-stirring so the pieces stay intact.
Finish and serve: Top with chopped parsley or green onions. Add a final sprinkle of Parmesan and a crack of black pepper. Serve warm with lemon wedges if you want extra brightness.